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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

民进党当局通过所谓“排黑条款” 台媒：假瞎子摸象，故意略过重点******

　　【环球时报特约记者 张若】“九合一”选举惨败后，民进党内检讨把矛头指向“黑金”。15日，民进党当局通过所谓的“排黑条款”，看似顺应民意，实则是企图转移焦点。

　　面对“黑道治台”争议频传，台“行政院”15日通过“公职人员选举罢免法”、正副领导人“选举罢免法”修正草案，有四类人不能登记参选，包括安全犯罪、黑金枪毒重大犯罪、贿选及重罪重刑。比如针对黑金枪毒的重大犯罪行为，草案规定曾触犯“组织犯罪防治条例”“洗钱防治法”“枪炮弹药刀械管制条例”“毒品危害防治条例”等，经判决确定，不得登记为候选人。目前，岛内规定曾犯内乱、外患罪，经判刑确定，不得登记参选正副领导人及公职人员候选人。此次修法增订，违反“国安法”“机密保护法”“情报工作法”及“反渗透法”也纳入规范。此外，7年以上重罪被判10年以上，经判决确定，修法也将限制其参选资格。台“行政院长”苏贞昌声称，排除“黑、金、枪、毒”参政是民众共同期待，也是该做的事。台“内政部”15日称，两项“选举罢免法”的修正，将有助于确立“清廉参政”，维护选举制度公平及公正性，如能顺利于2024年选举公告发布前完成修法，即能适用。

　　“我就问，你们提了一大堆林林总总的东西，处理到黄承国了吗？如果没有就是在转移焦点啊！”国民党台北市议员徐巧芯称，绿营根本不想处理黄承国以及郭哲敏、林炳文等人，而且这些人没有参与选举，但是他们可以控制候选人，所以有实质影响力，“有权力的人看似有权力，实质背后被别人操控，这才是英系的黑金让大家觉得细思极恐的地方。而你提出这些东西，有什么用？这只是转移焦点，想欺骗民众说我们在处理了”。徐巧芯提到的黄承国曾是蔡英文的“国策顾问”，现任民进党中常委，也是“天道盟”的头目，郭哲敏和林炳文也都是帮派分子，且与台湾警界高层关系密切。

　　民众党“立法院”党团副总召集人赖香伶15日称，大家不要忘记，为何选前蔡英文站出来讲“终结黑金”，选后又爆出多起“黑金”勾结疑云，“台南88枪击案”至今未破，后面延伸出来的政商关系、黑道介入等，不能只通过“黑金条例”终结，“民众在看的是你有没有宣战、破案的决心”。

　　《联合报》嘲讽称，民进党很流行“不对症下药”。例如，输入大陆的农渔产品被禁，就声称对岸“打压”；被指“黑金治台”，便说要修法扩大“排黑条款”，却不处理中常委黄承国的问题，“假瞎子摸象便是如此，知道要故意略过重点”。联合新闻网称，民进党近来与“黑道”“黑金”等字眼形影不离，选后台北市“立委”补选开战两周，民进党参选人吴怡农又陷入“黑道疑云”，昔日协助吴怡农参选的黄承国备受关注。因此，民进党火速通过“排黑条款”，无非是提升社会观感，转移吴怡农卷入黑道的讨论，试图挽救台北市“立委”补选选情。文章批评称，是否为“假修法排黑、真转移焦点”，很快就会见真章，但若排黑只是攻防武器，也让选后检讨显得廉价。(环球时报)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）